istanbul tughra symbol |
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| navigate by keyword : ancient antique arabesque arabic art background bismillah calligraphy carved culture decor decoration decorative design emblem empire graphic greeting historical imperial islam islamic istanbul mosque motiff muslim old oriental ornament ottoman pattern patterned religion religious seal sign signature sultan symbol text texture tradition traditional tughra tugra turkey turkish vintage word writing |
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| A tughra is a calligraphic monogram, seal or signature of a sultan that was affixed to all official documents and correspondence. It was also carved on his seal and stamped on the coins minted during his reign |
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