abdulhamid |
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| navigate by keyword : 1900s abdulhamid autocrat autocratic censorship constantinople drawing empire government historical history illustration islamic istanbul leader man monarch ottoman panislamist politics portrait sultan emperor clip art vector line ancient artwork black closeup design engraved engraving face famous figure head ink old people person retro vintage |
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| Abdulhamid II portrait, Ottoman sultan from 1876 to 1909, whose autocratically rules the reform movement of Tanzimat (Reorganization) reached its climax and who adopted a policy of Pan-Islamism in opposition to Western intervention in Ottoman affairs. |
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